The Messor capitatus is a rare and impressive seed-harvesting ant species native to Western Europe and Northwest Africa. Slightly larger than the well-known Messor barbarus, this species is highly sought after for its calm demeanor, fascinating behaviors, and striking appearance. With glossy black coloration and massive major workers, Messor capitatus makes an excellent addition to any ant collection, whether you’re a beginner or an experienced ant keeper.
Messor capitatus
Messor capitatus lives in monogynous colonies, meaning they have a single queen. Colonies typically grow to around 5,000 workers and display fascinating caste dynamics:
- Minors (3–5 mm): Handle foraging, brood care, and everyday tasks.
- Medias (6–10 mm): Perform tasks requiring more strength and dexterity.
- Majors (12–16 mm): Large ants with powerful mandibles used for cracking seeds and defending the colony.
In their natural habitat, these ants thrive in warm, semi-arid environments where they harvest and store seeds. They process the seeds into a nutrient-rich paste, ensuring food reserves that can sustain the colony for months.
Optimal environmental conditions include:
- Humidity:
- Nest: 40–60%.
- Foraging Area: 30–50%.
- Temperature:
- Nest: 22–26°C.
- Foraging Area: 24–28°C.
During winter, Messor capitatus requires a hibernation period of around 45 days at temperatures between 10–18°C to ensure healthy development and colony growth in spring.
